Pattern Reconfigurable Cross-Slot Antenna using Artificial Magnetic Conductor and Partially Reflecting Surface

In this paper, a cross-slot antenna achieving pattern reconfigurability with linear polarization is presented. The proposed antenna has three distinct layers. The upper layer is a active Partially Reflecting Surface (PRS), middle layer contains a cross-slot antenna, and the bottom layer has Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) layer. The active PRS layer comprises a $4 \times 4$ unit cells and AMC layer consists of a $9 \times 9$ unit cells. Each unit cell on the PRS layer consists of a square loop and is loaded with two PIN diodes. Pattern reconfiguration is achieved by controlling operating states of PIN diodes on the PRS layer. The utilization of an AMC surface serves to enable directional radiation from the cross-slot antenna. The antenna is operated in three different operating modes. The simulated return loss characteristics and radiation patterns in all the operating states are presented. The simulation result shows that the proposed antenna achieves wide impedance bandwidth from 3.34 to 3.70GHz in all the operating states. The overall radiation pattern of the antenna can be steered from -42° to +36°.