SORT: Blockchain and Onion Routing-Based Secure Telesurgery Framework for Healthcare 4.0

One of the prime concerns of any nation is to make its citizens healthy. Governments are doing their best for providing the best healthcare services to their citizens. The nation's economy also depends upon the people's health. Nowadays, we are in the era of healthcare 4.0 and there is a big difference in healthcare services compared to healthcare 1.0. In healthcare 4.0, everything is digitized and patient records are stored as electronic health records (EHRs). Any breach in EHRs can put the patient's life at risk as it contains whole information about the patient (including historical background). Thus, researchers offer security to the EHR data exchange using traditional cryptographic techniques. Unfortunately, it can be easily broken using quantum computing. So, this needs a multi-layer encryption algorithm, which makes the system highly secure and anonymous. Motivated by this, in this paper, we propose a blockchain and onion routing-based secure, trusted, resilient, and immutable framework for offering security and anonymity to the healthcare data exchange. Here, onion routing offers anonymity and blockchain offers decentralization, immutability, trust, diversity, and security. However, for efficient communication between surgeons and patients, we adopted a highly reliable fifth-generation (5G) communication network. Finally, the performance of the proposed framework is evaluated by considering the anonymity rate, throughput, and packet.