Optimal Design and Economic Comparison of a Hybrid Energy System in Iran and Switzerland with Sensitivity Analysis

Making hybrid systems more efficient and eco-friendlier by using Renewable energy resources is an inspiring idea. Two tourism different locations including Sarab Gyan in Iran and Zurich city in Switzerland are analysed. Photovoltaic panels (PV s), wind turbines (WT), battery energy storage system (BESS), and diesel generators (DGs) were analysed using HOMER pro software. Various factors like different fossil fuel costs and limitation on fuel supply, inflation rates, discount rates, carbon dioxide penalties, and capacity shortages were considered. The results indicate that as fuel prices rise and emissions penalties increase, renewable resources become more economical. By comparing the lowest net present costs (NPCs) we see an increase of 180% in the case of Switzerland compared to the case of Iran, where the price of fuel has also left its mark. Switzerland also benefits from lower inflation and discount rates, resulting in a 19.3% reduction in NPC and a 41% decrease in the cost of energy (COE) compared to Iran. This research underscores the economic viability of renewable energy in hybrid systems, especially in regions with high fossil fuel costs and stringent emission regulations.