Coordinated Planning of Electricity-Hydrogen Integrated Energy System Considering Lifecycle Carbon Emissions

Hydrogen energy is a promising solution to reaching carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality. With the development of hydrogen energy devices, coupling hydrogen energy with renewable energy for power generation can compensate for the intermittency and instability of renewable energy. Furthermore, the two-stage coordinated planning of integrated energy system (IES) and electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system (EHIES), compared to independent planning, can help generate additional benefits and reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, this paper proposes a coordinated planning of EHIES considering lifecycle carbon emissions. In the first stage, aiming to minimize investment costs, network losses, voltage deviations, and lifecycle carbon emissions, the equipment capacity and location of EHIES is determined. The life cycle assessment (LCA) method is used to quantify the lifecycle carbon emissions of the EHIES, preparing for the coordinated operation in the second stage. Subsequently, in the second stage, using carbon emissions flow to allocate users’ responsibility for emissions, the carbon emissions per unit electricity of the IES system are calculated. With the optimal cost of independent operation for IES and EHIES as the coordinated operation objective, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is employed for sequential solution, obtaining the carbon emissions reduction amount, and iteratively updating until convergence. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by using the IEEE 33-bus power distribution network (PDN) and natural gas 6 node systems. The results show that compared to independent planning, the two-stage coordinated planning method reduces the overall operating cost of IES by 3.81% and decreases carbon emissions by 15.89%. This method is effective in reducing the carbon emissions of IES.