Site Selection of Multi-Level Material Bases in Coal Mine Considering the Hierarchical Reserve Mode and Demand Difference—A Case Study

As one of the important energy industries, the safe production of coal mines not only concerns the safety of employees, but also affects the sustainable development of society. Recent rescue cases have shown that the layout of material bases and the allocation of emergency materials need to be further optimized. For this problem, this paper adopts the material hierarchical reserve mode for the first time, combining the material hierarchical reserve mode, multi-level material bases selection model, and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method to determine the optimal location of the coal mine material bases in Liaoning Province. Determine the reserve level of emergency materials through evaluation and clustering analysis of various emergency materials. Improve the traditional gravity model and construct a multi-objective planning model for multi-level material bases site selection. Apply the reserve level of emergency materials and real regional data to the site selection model, and use the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) to solve the model. Then, the optimal site selection scheme was selected using FAHP, and sensitivity analysis was conducted. The research results indicate that: 1) 9 county-level, 6 city-level and 2 provincial-level material bases will be constructed; 2) location selection of material bases is not only affected by costs, but also by the density of road networks; 3) use of hierarchical material reserve mode can significantly reduce the construction cost of material bases. Compared to the traditional material reserve mode, it can reduce costs by 86.6%. Compared to a single-level material bases, it can still reduce costs by 74.7%. The research results of this paper can be used for the selection of emergency material bases and the allocation of emergency material reserves, which can reduce costs and promote the improvement of regional emergency rescue capabilities.