X band On-body Antenna Design for Lung Cancer Detection using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Body implantable antennas have gained popularity as a cost-effective and efficient method for the early detection of diseases. Lung cancer is one of the most severe diseases that can metastasize throughout the body. The primary objective of this paper is to detect lung tumors and cancer by analyzing the variation of the S1,1 parameter of a microstrip patch antenna, utilizing a novel material called Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT). To achieve this goal, an on-body microstrip patch antenna has been designed, along with three different lung phantom models: a normal lung, a lung affected by a tumor, and a lung with cancerous cells within the tumor. The designed lung tumors and cancer detection antenna operate in the X-Band frequency range (10.42 GHz) for wireless communication. Using CST Studio Suite, the antenna and three lung phantom models are designed to obtain various required outputs, including return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), far-field radiation pattern, and directivity. The return loss was measured to be -59.65 dB for a lung tumor and -36.42 dB for a cancerous tumor, compared to -36.75 dB for a normal lung. Additionally, the antenna's Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value is measured to be 0.795 W/Kg, confirming its biocompatibility.