Smart Biofloc System: Leveraging IoT for Enhanced Aquaculture Sustainability

This paper presents an innovative solution to address a critical issue in Biofloc aquaculture systems: water quality management. In Biofloc technology maintaining optimal water quality is crucial for the quantity and quality of fish production. For this we've developed an IoT-based system with carefully calibrated sensors that collect continuous data on essential parameters: temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, water level, turbidity, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from the Biofloc environment. Each sensor was meticulously calibrated and tested against commercially available devices. The temperature sensor exhibited a Mean Squared Error of 0.0042, while the DO and TDS sensors had average errors of 2.45% and 4.30%, respectively. The pH sensor performed perfectly compared to the commercial device, but the turbidity sensor couldn't be evaluated due to a lack of a suitable measurement device. The collected data is transmitted to a cloud server for rigorous processing, allowing real-time assessment and analysis. The system includes actuators that autonomously adjust key parameters, such as temperature, DO, and pH, to maintain optimal water quality. We use a heater, air pump, and acidalkaline solutions to manage water quality, while a water pump and integrated automated drainage system maintain the optimal water level. In case of parameter abnormalities, the system promptly notifies the user. To provide users with instant insights and control, we've developed a user-friendly mobile application offering real-time monitoring and adjustment capabilities. Through this innovative approach, our IoT-based Smart Biofloc Monitoring and Maintenance System aims to significantly enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and overall success of Biofloc aquaculture practices.