Performance Study of Different Types of Battery of Electric Vehicles Using MATLAB Simulink

Since the advent of the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels and internal combustion engines have played a fundamental role in meeting transportation and energy needs. However, the extensive reliance on fossil fuels over the past two centuries has resulted in dire consequences, such as global warming, environmental disruption, glacier melting, rising sea levels, and droughts. Consequently, scientists have been actively exploring alternative solutions to replace fossil fuel-based transportation systems. Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a pivotal solution to address the existing challenges in transportation systems. Although the concept of EV s has existed for some time, the widespread production and adoption of fully electric cars was hindered until the early 21st century owing to the unavailability of suitable batteries or energy storage systems. The efficacy of EVs relies heavily on their energy storage systems. In this article, we evaluate various battery types (including nickel metal hydrate, zinc hybrid cathode, lead acid, and lithium-ion) in the context of EV performance, using MAT LAB Simulink. A MATLAB Simulink-based electric vehicle model was employed to assess battery performance. Our analysis reveals that lithium-ion batteries demonstrate superior performance metrics, including a specific energy ranging from 100–275 WH/kg, energy density of 200–235 Wh/L, specific power of 350–3000 W/kg, cell voltage of 3.6V, and cycle durability of 500–3000. Furthermore, we consider the typical cost of these batteries, noting that lead-acid batteries are relatively more affordable than other options available in the market.