Enhancing Urban Mobility: An Adaptive Traffic Signal System for High-Density Cities

Urban regions in Bangladesh are increasingly plagued by traffic congestion, which increases travel times, lowers productivity, and increases emissions. Thus, the objective of this research is to develop an efficient adaptive traffic control system to reduce traffic congestion in high-density cities. To attain this objective, first, user requirements focusing to develop a digital solution were elicited through surveys. Then, a conceptual framework was proposed to address the revealed requirements followed by developing the adaptive system. The proposed system offers vehicle detection through YOLOv7 algorithm, vehicle prioritization on the road, dynamic traffic signal duration, overriding as well as assuring instant emergency access. Finally, the system was evaluated by measuring the performance of YOLOv7 model for predicting vehicles and by assessing the exe-cution of system functionalities. The evaluation results revealed a commendable level of prediction accuracy, ranging from 93% to 100%. Furthermore, the system functionalities were successfully executed with an average success rate of 92 % and an average execution time of 2.0 ± 0.31 seconds.