A Comprehensive Review on Off-Grid Solar Energy Project Initiatives in Rural Indian Communities, a Sustainable and Reliable Approach

In Indian communities, people are living in different part of ecosystem, where all people are not beneficiaries of electricity. Due to uneven geographical location, it is difficult to provide electrical energy through traditional power grid. Sustainable development of community should be ensured at grassroots level regarding energy distribution and consumption. This paper focuses on the community energy movement in India in the framework of ‘grassroots innovations for sustainability’. National Solar Mission (NSM) is a mission to support mechanisms and technology for the development of community-based off-grid solar project in India. This paper evaluates the public participation and community engagement towards solar energy development and its utilization at rural level in India.