Optimal Renewable Energy Distribution for Net-Zero Energy Building Designs Considering Aging and Weather Effects

The achievement of net-zero objectives in buildings with zero energy consumption (NZEBs) might be seriously jeopardized by disruptions in the generation system. For alternative systems (RESs), it is thus essential to include a realistic dependability model that accounts for aging and long-term temperatures. In order to attain NZEB, this paper presents a rigorous design optimization technique that focuses on choosing RESs. Numerous case studies were evaluated. 1. Deterministic method; 2. Markov chain-based dependability in the absence of aging; 3. Markov chain-based dependability in the presence of aging. Based on the yearly energy balance, the results show that the ideal sizes of RES when taking the aging impact into account are larger than those in the other two scenarios. Moreover, taking the aging impact into account while evaluating the generating system's dependability for NZEB opens the door to a more durable and economical RES design.