Edge Computing and 5G Integration for Real-time Analytics in Interoperable Smart Grids

In the rapidly evolving landscape of power and energy systems, the Smart Grid (SG) emerges as a dynamic and adaptive solution to cater to the ever-increasing energy demands while ensuring sustainable growth. The core essence of a Smart Grid is its ability to provide real-time analytics, facilitating efficient energy management and distribution. With the influx of a myriad of heterogeneous devices and systems in the grid, interoperability emerges as a crucial factor to ensure seamless operations. This paper delves deep into the symbiotic relationship between Edge Computing (EC) and the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, illustrating their potential to revolutionize real-time analytics in interoperable Smart Grids. Edge Computing, with its decentralized data processing capabilities, caters to the latency-sensitive needs of SG systems. On the other hand, 5G, with its high bandwidth and ultra-reliable low latency communication, offers robust support to EC operations. Their integration promises unprecedented improvements in the efficiency, reliability, and resilience of SGs. Through an exhaustive study, this paper highlights the architectural enhancements, challenges, and potential solutions, casting a vision for the future of intelligent energy systems.