Angles-Only Orbit Determination Method Based on Strong Tracking Extended Kalman Filter

For common GEO (Geostationary Orbit Satellite) service satellites, using cameras to orbit non-cooperative targets in space is of great significance for improving space survivability. Aiming at the problem that the distance of angles-only measurement is not observable, this article explains first the observability of maneuvering orbit determination, analyses the influence of maneuvering on observability, and gives the observability index function according to this. On this basis, the interior point method is used to solve the problem of optimal space maneuvering direction under the constraint conditions, considering the constraints of relative position and anti-collision based on the CW (Clohessy-Wiltshire) equation. Aiming at the problem that the unknown velocity pulse maneuvering of non-cooperative target will lead to the divergence of filtering results, a strong tracking extended Kalman filter is used to determine the orbit of the target. The simulation results show that the proposed orbit determination method can reach the orbit determination error within 1 km within a short time after the maneuver. Compared with other single-line Angle measurement methods, the proposed method has faster convergence, higher orbit determination accuracy and better stability.