Massive MIMO in 5G Networks: Trends and Challenges

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO, which stands) has emerged as a key actor in the development of wireless communications technologies, which have been prompted by an increasing need for mobile communication and the concurrent worldwide bandwidth scarcity. Massive MIMO, positioned as a critical enabling technology in contemporary networks, combines antennas at both ends of the network and provides increased spectrum and energy efficiency with relatively simple processing techniques. A thorough understanding of the complexities of massive MIMO is necessary for the effective deployment of 5G and future generations of networks, which will enable a variety of uses for intelligent sensing systems. These developments improve performance and capacities while also contributing to the continuous growth of wireless communication technology. The discussion also identifies important outstanding research questions that will determine the direction of future studies in large MIMO systems, especially in the larger context of networks beyond 5G. With an eye on the future, this viewpoint seeks to direct and incentivize more research endeavors, promoting breakthroughs in the comprehension and use of massive MIMO technology for the next wave of wireless networks.