Low Carbon Economic Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems with Integrated Demand Response

The underutilization of demand-side dispatchable resources such as electricity, thermal, cold, and natural gas is a key problem that increases the operating cost of integrated energy systems (IES). To address this and reduce both IES operation costs and CO
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emissions, a dispatching model has been constructed with the goal of optimizing IES comprehensive efficiency. This model takes into account the economic and low-carbon aspects of IES operations, the potential for demand response in electricity, gas, heat, and cooling. Firstly, an IES model is created that includes equipment such as photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines (WT), gas boilers (GB), gas turbines (GT), electric chillers (EC), and others. This is combined with a comprehensive demand response model that considers the energy conversion relationship between electricity, gas, thermal, and cooling loads. Secondly, a stepped cost model is introduced to limit CO
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emissions. Finally, the objective of optimizing the overall operating cost, including energy purchase cost, equipment operation cost, CO
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related cost, and demand response cost is optimized using the Cplex solver. Simulation results demonstrate that the model successfully reduces both system operation cost and CO
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emissions.