Enhancing Grid Reliability: The Effects of Integrating Renewable Energy Sources

The ultimate goal of the electrical grid is to maintain a balance of production and consumption. Unfortunately, in the event of overproduction, the electrical grid is in danger of collapsing. Indeed, this paper presents a study on how to improve the electrical grid by incorporating renewable sources (photovoltaic solar and wind). These are referred to as decentralized productions. Renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic solar systems (PV), have grown exponentially in recent years and offer numerous benefits. They are limitless and non-polluting to the environment; they are also known as green energy. Their integration into the electrical grid, however, is not without consequences. It alters the voltage profile, power flows, energy quality, and so on. The PSAT tool in Matlab was used in this context to calculate power flow and study the electrical grid's stability. The “Newton-Raphson” algorithm and continuous power flow technique were used to evaluate various electrical quantities of the IEEE 30 Bus system, both with and without decentralized sources. This allows us to track the progress of these electrical grid sources (voltages, power loss, etc.).