Usage of Millimeter Wave Signal Propagation for Outdoor Communication

The need for more bandwidth in wireless communication has led to the utilization of the millimeter wave spectrum at higher frequencies. Millimeter waves will have a frequency range of 30 to 300 GHz, which corresponds to the wavelength of 10 to 1mm. Though mobile service providers are working to provide enough bandwidth at fast speeds to achieve reduced latency for improved streaming, the limited frequency range accessible is a big roadblock. This can be avoided by using mm-wave to reduce the size of various components, particularly antennas, by employing steerable antennas. The data rate limit is greatly increased by increasing the RF channel transmission capacity for portable radio channels. The propagation of millimeter wave signals was analyzed using the method of ray tracing & examining its effects and losses in the outdoor environment. The attenuation due to path loss and weather loss is significant, hence the signal cannot be propagated over long distances. The main challenges are addressed and the suggested solution is proposed for minimizing such losses incurred during the transmission of signals.