Tilt Angle Determination for Solar Tracker

A solar tracker is a gadget that faces the sun to maximize solar radiation, which may be utilized to maximize photovoltaic (PV) panel performance. Solar power systems such as solar farms or residential solar installation typically use solar trackers for improving the efficiency as well as energy production. In this paper a reliable physical framework and low-cost, low-power hardware for a solar tracker is presented. A solar panel tracking system is built using a microcontroller. Since the solar panel tracks the sun and is always perpendicular to the light's intensity, more energy may be generated. The panel moves from the shaded to the sunny area by the wheel that is fixed to the base of the panel. This is achieved by detecting the sun's intense radiation with an LDR sensor. The microcontroller receives the sensor data and uses it to determine the motor's needed angle by setting up a feedback loop. After receiving these input data, servo motors are utilized to tilt solar panels such that they are directly in the path of the sun. To identify the tilt angle that maximizes solar energy, simulation has been performed.