Design of DC Voltage, Humidity, Temperature, and Dust Density Monitoring Tools on Solar Panels Based on the Thinger IO Platform in Real Time

The Internet of Things makes objects easier to control and sense remotely via the Internet network, uniting the physical world into a program-based system, thereby increasing efficiency and accuracy. Environmental conditions that continue to change over time cause the output power of solar panels to change. The monitoring system in solar power plants is very important and urgent in some cases for analyzing, solving problems, and making decisions on problems. This research has designed a real-time tool for monitoring DC voltage, humidity, temperature, and dust density on solar panels based on the Thinger Io Platform. From the research results, in Normal Conditions, it can be seen that the highest solar panel output voltage value is 14.9 V with a temperature value of 32.7°C accompanied by a decrease in the relative humidity value of the air of 61% RH with a dust density value in the air of 0.0 mg/m3. In conditions with dust, the highest solar panel output voltage value is 14.8 V with a temperature value of 32.7°C and a decrease in the relative humidity value of the air by 61% RH with a dust density value in the air of 0.4 mg/m3. Based on the readings obtained by sensors on DC voltage monitoring tools, humidity, temperature, and dust density in the air on solar panels based on the Thinger Io platform in real-time and tests carried out on 50 WP monocrystalline solar panels, from the obtained values environmental conditions such as humidity, temperature and the density of dust in the air affects the output voltage value of the solar panel.