Optimization of Survey Line Layout for Multibeam Bathymetric System Based on Shortest Path Planning

This paper addresses the key issues of survey line layout and measurement effectiveness in multibeam bathymetric systems, taking into account the requirements of controlling the overlap rate and improving the coverage rate, and optimizing the survey line layout to provide an effective solution for depth measurement. First, a mathematical model is established to determine the coverage width of the multibeam bathymetry system and the overlap rate between adjacent measurement zones, taking into account the complexity of the seafloor topography. Then, a rectangular sea area to be measured was studied to establish a mathematical model of the coverage width of multibeam bathymetry. Finally, a rectangular sea area with a length of 2 nautical miles from north to south and a width of 4 nautical miles from east to west is examined, and a set of survey lines is designed to meet the requirement of completely covering the entire sea area to be surveyed with the shortest length, while ensuring that the overlap rate between neighboring strips is between 10% and 20%. The research method and results of this paper can be applied to the field of multibeam bathymetry. Effective measurement tools and methods are provided for the field of ocean bathymetry to meet the needs of depth measurement under complex seabed topographic conditions.