1×4 Patch Array Antenna for 28GHz 5G Millimeter-wave Communication

This paper presents a microstrip antenna system operating at 28 GHz for 5G millimeter-wave communication. Initially, a single microstrip patch antenna element is introduced. Subsequently, a planar 1 × 4 antenna array is developed using this optimized single element. The proposed antenna is developed on Rogers RT5880 with a dielectric constant 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The dimension of the single element is 5 × 5× 1.575 mm
^³
. The result of the single element shows a moderately good performance, including a wide working band ranging from 27.7 to 28.6 GHz, a significantly low return loss of 34.83 dB, a high radiation efficiency of 96%, and a gain of 5.1 dBi. The 1 × 4 antenna array, with a 25 × 10 × 1.575 mm
^³
dimension, exhibits an exceptionally low return loss of 37.23 dB and attains a gain of 9.74 dBi with a bandwidth extending from 27.5 to 28.8 GHz. Additionally, the array maintains a high radiation efficiency of 93%. These results exhibit the effectiveness of the studied 1× 4 array antenna at 28 GHz, showcasing its potential suitability for 5G communication applications.