Association of CYP1A1*2A polymorphism and Breast Cancer risk: a meta analysis

Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is an enzyme well recognized for its role in the metabolism of various substances, particularly in the detoxification of xenobiotics (foreign compounds) and the biochemical conversion of endogenic compounds. A person’s vulnerability to certain diseases, including breast cancer, may be impacted by genetic changes in the CYP1A1 gene, such as the CYP1A1 m1 polymorphism (rs4646903). Our article conducts an extensive statistical analysis, integrating a significant number of recent studies, and delivers updated insights derived from case-control research. 37 Studies (13,160 cases and 16,155 controls) were eligible from PRISMA steps, and 28 studies (10,994 cases and 14,516 controls) from these were used to get the overall pooled OR and other statistical values as they followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Other subgroup analyses were performed on these, and breaking down the data based on ethnicity, premenopausal and postmenopausal conditions, and smoking habits provided valuable perceptions. Combined odds ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using an appropriate model (fixed-effect or random-effect). We found that the population in India had a higher risk of breast cancer: OR (2.05, 95% CI: 1.04-4.05) for the homozygous versus wild type and OR (1.88, 95% CI: 1.05-3.36) for the recessive model. For overall association, the homozygous carrier’s OR is notable: (1.34, 95% CI: 1.05-1.71). No significant change was seen after adding the studies deviating from HWE to the analysis.