Enhancing the Stability of a Power System Integrated with Large-Scale Photovoltaic Plants by Improving the Transient Response Using Virtual Inertia

Microgrids experience transients because of the erratic behavior of clean energy sources and the evolving nature of loads. Unlike conventional generators, Systems for producing photovoltaic (PV) light have no intrinsic inertia. Their non-dispatchable and extremely intermittent nature exacerbates the issue even more. Furthermore, compared to traditional generators, the rate of change in PV power output occurs over a significantly shorter duration. Thus, the stability of the electricity system will be jeopardized if they are integrated in significant quantities without taking the necessary precautions. In this research article, a Solar PV System-based microgrid connected to the grid is subjected to transient analysis due to load fluctuations at distinct time instants. Transients and unbalanced voltage sag-rises are anticipated to be minimized at the point of common coupling (PCC) while real and reactive electrical power flow remains uninterrupted. This has been accomplished using an energy storage technology (ESS). The model is evaluated using MATLAB's Simulation Tool, and the results obtained in the presence of and without a battery are compared. The output findings demonstrate the proposed technique's superiority in decreasing microgrid transients.