An Overview of Electrically Coupled Multi-Input DC-DC Converters for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

The modern evolution of electrically coupled multi-input dc-dc converters is pointed out and scrutinized in this paper. Initially, a few dc-dc converters are connected in parallel to form a multi-input converter. But currently, a few modern structures have been suggested for this purpose. So, they are used in hybrid electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. Three groups of multi-input converters are electrically coupled, magnetically coupled, and electro-magnetically coupled converters. This paper deals with electrically coupled dc-dc converters because of their advantages, like no need for a transformer, not requiring physical isolation between input and output, smaller and lighter, etc.