Routing Protocols Focussed on Energy-Efficiency for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comparative Analysis

For dependable surveillance of various surroundings concerning civilian and defense purposes and to cooperate transmit the information they collect across the wireless network to a “Base Station (BS)”, a “Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)” is made up of geographically dispersed self-governing “Sensor Nodes (SNs)”. The efficiency of energy is a major concern for SNs since their batteries aren't able to last a long time. The major problem with WSN networks revolves around the severe drain on energy resources caused by the transmission of data from the source SN to the intended SNs. The aggregate volume of energy used by WSN systems is significantly influenced by their routing methodologies. Due to their fundamental properties, WSN systems need energy-efficient routing approaches. The limited availability of resources in WSNs has rendered it crucial to find ways to extend the network’s useful life. Energy savings and system longevity are currently being enhanced using a technique based on clustering. Several researchers are working on a clustering process that uses minimal energy. This study makes an effort to analyze three relatively new routing protocols, “ADEM”, “DRAC”, and “DMSSS”, which possess the potential to significantly affect the networks' total energy consumption. The metrics "Energy-Efficiency", "Packet-Delivery-Ratio (PDR)", “Throughput”, and "Routing-Overhead" were used to compare the aforementioned protocols. The purpose of this comparative article is to compare and contrast the above protocols currently in use to determine which one is superior in terms of providing higher energy-efficiency.