Preliminary Study on the Neural Mechanisms of Headache Based on SEEG Data: A Case Study

Headache is one of the most common symptoms worldwide, which not only burdens individuals but also exerts significant pressure on the socioeconomic aspects of society. The neural mechanisms underlying headache attacks are complex and often difficult to diagnose accurately. Traditional Electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques have limitations in exploring headache attacks due to their limited spatial and temporal resolution capabilities. In contrast, Stereo-electroencephalography has advantages in spatial and temporal resolution. This study, for the first time, used Stereo-electroencephalography technology to detect and differentiate the occurrence process and did a preliminary study on neural mechanisms of headaches. By applying wavelet transform for time-frequency domain analysis and using PSI for connectivity analysis, we were able to find clear evidence of changes in brain activity levels and connectivity between brain regions such as the amygdala caused by headache attacks. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms of headache attacks and provide new clues for the diagnosis and treatment of headaches.