Models and Methods for Steady-State Analysis of Radial Multi-Energy Grids and Microgrids

The interconnection between different energy networks leads to interdependencies that require suitable models and methods for their analysis. This paper presents appropriate models and methods for integrated and steady-state analysis of radial multi-energy grids and microgrids. The mathematical models of energy grids, including electrical, natural gas, and thermal grids, are formulated, solved jointly and validated by applying them to a case study. Prior to the resolution stage of this case study, three iterative methods for the numerical resolution of the radial multi-energy grid model are discussed with their advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the Newton-Raphson method with numerical Jacobian matrix reduces researcher workload, but at the cost of additional iterations for convergence, which is perfectly acceptable considering that the analytical calculation of the Jacobian matrix by the researcher and its subsequent programming are avoided.