Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, and Reforms for ChatGPT in Higher Education

ChatGPT is a powerful large language model developed by OpenAI. It has a profound impact on higher education fields. This technology offers exciting opportunities for students and educators, including personalized feedback, increased accessibility, interactive conversations, lecture preparation, performance evaluation, and new ways to teach complex concepts. At the same time, ChatGPT poses different threats and challenges to the traditional high education system, such as the possibility of cheating on online exams, human-like text generation, diminished critical thinking skills, and difficulties in evaluating information generated by ChatGPT. This paper explores the potential opportunities and challenges that ChatGPT poses in higher education from the perspective of students and educators. In higher education, by understanding these challenges and taking steps to mitigate them, we can then ensure the language models to be used in a responsible and ethical way.