Quantification Method for Power Dispatch Boundaries of Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging Based on Energy Accumulation

The growth of electrified transportation has propelled the widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs). Yet, the large-scale integration of EVs poses challenges to grid safety. Conversely, EVs can also act as grid resources by returning energy, offering a dual role as both a load and a power source. Traditional EV fleet modeling focuses on charging and discharging power, but these boundaries fluctuate constantly in response to individual EV actions. This approach doesn’t suit optimizing scheduling for aggregate charging and discharging behaviors. This paper establishes an aggregate model from an energy accumulation perspective, considering energy losses during charging and discharging. It emphasizes defining energy accumulation and power boundaries for each EV and quantifying charging and discharging energy loss coefficients for the entire EV fleet.