A Method for Optimizing the New Power System Layout and Energy Storage based on the SWITCH-China Model

The development path of new energy and energy storage technology is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality goals. Based on the SWITCH-China model, this study explores the development path of energy storage in China and its impact on the power system. By simulating multiple development scenarios, this study analyzed the installed capacity, structure, and spatiotemporal characteristics of three energy storage types: pumped storage, hydrogen storage and new energy storage. The results indicate that the installed energy storage capacity will significantly increase under the carbon neutrality target with the new power system's gradual increase in wind and solar energy proportion. It is projected that by 2060, China's installed energy storage capacity will reach 1.61 billion kilowatts, including pumped storage with 0.41 billion kilowatts, hydrogen storage with 0.13 billion kilowatts, and new energy storage with 1.06 billion kilowatts.