Analyzing the Efficacy of Differential Relay Systems for Transformer Protection Under Different Internal Faults

Transformers play a crucial role in the electric power system, and it is essential to protect them adequately. To address the risk of transformer damage during faults, faster and more selective protection measures are required. In this study, the performance of a differential relay was successfully simulated on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The data found from the proposed model were used to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the relay tripping. The main objective was to investigate the protection of power transformer from internal faults and prevent any interference with the power system. Several plausible fault scenarios were evaluated. It was thoroughly examined how the relays performed under different system characteristics and fault conditions. Additionally, the ANN model was successfully trained to predict the differential relay tripping under different fault scenarios and locations.