Identification of Cluster Heads (CH) in WSN Based on Maximum Residual Energy of the Node

The current methodologies, such as LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), rely on random number-based criteria for selecting cluster heads. The nodes produce a stochastic variable, which is subsequently evaluated against a predetermined threshold value. In the event that the numerical value surpasses the predetermined threshold, the respective node is designated as the cluster head. This approach's limitation lies in its assumption of homogeneity among the nodes, meaning that theypossess identical structures and energy levels. Cluster heads are selected through a random process, resulting in an uneven distribution of cluster heads. With this consideration in mind, the present paper presents a methodology for detecting cluster heads within a network, which relies on the maximal residual energy of the constituent nodes. Optimizing energy consumption and extending the network's lifespanis a favourable strategy.