Validation of IRI-2012 and IRI-2016 Models Over Oceans Using Jason Data

IRI-2012 and IRI-2016 models total electron content (TEC) predictions are validated by using Jason-2 vertical TEC (VTEC) data from 2009 to 2017. The validation is performed by investigation of the differences between the two kinds of VTEC values, in terms of the daily deviations and root mean square (RMS). The results indicate that both IRI-2012 and IRI-2016 models underestimate the VTEC predictions, especially during high solar activity. Also, the latest IRI-2016 model may have even larger deviations. The consistency between IRI-2016 model and Jason-2 data is slightly reduced.