Research on Real-Time Video Stream Authentication Based on SM2 in H.264

Due to the vulnerability of H.264/AVC video streams to tampering or substitution attacks during network transmission, the integrity and authenticity of transmitted video stream data cannot be guaranteed. To address this issue, this paper proposes a real-time video stream authentication method based on the SM2 algorithm. Utilizing SM2's digital signature technology on an embedded MCU, the method employs GOP (Group of Pictures) as the unit for digital signatures. Through the H.264 protocol's custom type of NALU, the digital signature results are cleverly overlaid onto the original transmission stream. This approach ensures that the overlaid signature results maintain compliance with the H.264 standard, causing no disruption to the original video stream data while preserving compatibility and non-intrusiveness. The method provides an efficient, secure, and viable solution for video stream authentication, with potential widespread applications in the fields of security monitoring and video transmission.