A Review on Forest Fire Detection and Monitoring Systems

Forest fires are one of the problems that endanger the durability of the forest. The occurrence of forest fires has grown significantly throughout the globe in recent years. They are one such catastrophe that puts human and animal lives in substantial risk; it also devastates woodland vegetation. The identification of forest fires as quickly as possible with precise localization and early alerting to fire units being critical. Several detection and monitoring systems have been suggested to achieve this goal, these include observers in monitoring towers, aerial and satellite monitoring, detection, and monitoring systems based on optical camera sensors, and other kinds of detection sensors or their combinations employing WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology. This paper will reveal the numerous methods that have been utilized to detect forest fires, each methodology has its own set of benefits and drawbacks. After comparing the various methods, we will conclude what is the optimal method to identify a fire in its early stages.