Efficient Congestion Control Through Energy and Traffic-Aware Clustering In Future Wireless Sensor Networks

When the aggregated capacity of a channel is surpassed by the amount of data flowing across it, a condition known as congestion occurs in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Because retransmission of every unacknowledged packet is not an optimal solution in terms of energy for resource-restricted sensor nodes, the result is overflowing of the buffer at each receiving sensor node. This eventually leads to a reduction in the packet delivery ratio, the dropping of the packets, and a degradation of the network throughput. Since the routing problem has been shown to be NP-hard and it has been revealed that a heuristic-based method outperforms their traditional counterparts, routing is one of the most common strategies for lowering node energy consumption and boosting throughput in WSNs. In addition, routing is one of the most popular ways for raising throughput. As a result, there is a need for optimum routing solutions for the WSNs of the future, taking into consideration both the energy and traffic factors. This research will only focus on wireless sensor networks (WSNs for short). The suggested protocol will be referred to as Energy and Traffic-aware Clustering for Congestion Control (ETCCC) throughout this article. In graphs compared ETCCC performances with three recent protocol names.