Development of a Data Integration Architecture for Modern Sustainable Farming Systems: A Greenhouse Test Case

This work presents the Agroconnect data integration project, a unique scientific-technological equipment project located at Almeria, Spain. The work focuses on the integration of various systems to achieve precise control over growing conditions and promote sustainability. The greenhouse incorporates systems to regulate temperature, humidity, water and nutrient supply, as well as CO2 concentration, among others; using renewable energy sources and automated systems. The importance of data integration in this type of systems for achieving efficient plant control is a crucial task. This integration is achieved through Command Run ON (CRON) and Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) processes, which extract, transform, and load data into a database that can be queried using a Representative Application Programming Interfaces (REST API). Adopting the JSON format and the FIWARE OMA NGSI V2 data model ensures interoperability and integration with other platforms and services. In this work, a robust IoT architecture of AgroConnect, with edge, fog, and cloud layers, has been presented. Enabling centralized data management and providing various services for efficient control and decision-making and the development of different models such as, models for optimal crop growth considering the optimal management of the resources consumed by the greenhouse.