Performance Evaluation of Free Space optics (FSO) Using Diffractive Optical Elements (DoE) and its Comparison with Existing Free Space Optics (FSO)

In Free Space Optics (FSO), optical pulses are being transmitted through the atmosphere in a narrow beam. The three variables that influence optical transmission are absorption, scattering, and scintillation. All of this has the potential to decrease the quantity of energy received by the receiver. Carbon dioxide and water vapour in the air along the transmission route are the primary causes of absorption. This helps to reduce the power density of the FSO system beam, which has a direct impact on the system's availability. However, using suitable power depending on air conditions and geographic variety may assist maintain network availability at a high level. However, power attenuation and signal fading caused by atmospheric factors restrict the distances and data speeds that may be sent in FSO systems. One intriguing approach to overcoming these challenges is the use of diffraction optical elements (DOEs). A DoE based improved scheme with two diffractive optical elements (DOE) can help potentially reduce the central obscuration caused by the secondary mirror of optical antenna. In this work a Model based on bit error rate (BER) is proposed on a Wireless space uplink optical communication system to delve further into the impact of the DOEs on communication quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of DOEs on the BER against typical parameter relationship curves for varying optical antenna obscuration ratios. Power transmitted, diameter of beam, angle of zenith, angle of divergence, and wavelength are all examples of common system characteristics. The findings will aid in the development of better space optical communication system schemes and better communication quality. This article offers a summary of the essential ideas, design concerns, and performance enhancements of FSO systems employing DOEs, as well as their implementation and developments. In addition, Comparison and Performance Evaluation of Free space optics (FSO) Technique with State of Art Existing Free Space optics (FSO) Using Diffractive optical elements (DoE) of conventional FSO with DoE based FSO is discussed.