Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna for WBAN Applications with Defective Ground Structure

Antenna flexibility has a significant role for applications in wearable body area networks, and designing of flexible antennas faces many challenges. In this paper rubber substrate with a loss tangent of 0.02 and a dielectric constant of 3.1 is used for flexibility purpose with a defected ground structure (DGS) on an Inset-Fed Microstrip patch antenna (MPA). DGS enhances the antenna's performance as well. The antenna operates at the resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz for the ISM band having Return loss (S11) -18.89 dB and directivity of 7.14 dB with a bandwidth of 70 MHz. The VSWR is 1.98 at 2.4 GHz. The maximum gain realized at the resonant frequency is 4.69 dB with an efficiency of 56.85%. With the aid of the HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator), the antenna's design, performance analysis, and simulation were all carried out. The focus of this paper is an improvement in the gain and other parameters for WBAN applications.