The Influence of Velocity over Network Dwelling in VANET V2R Communication

Delivering safety and non-safety applications and services, Vehicular Ad hoc Network or VANET is considered a technology that would flourish and advance for many years to come. Although there is more interest has been shown in VANET, in research, services, and even commercial, the limitations of VANET's connectivity have not been effectively reflected. Due to the ad hoc and ubiquitous nature of VANET, paired with the dynamic mobility of vehicles with dynamic velocity rates, the environment presents substantial challenges in network connectivity, hence influencing the performance of nodes communications. This paper covers to analyze the Network Dwelling Time (NDT) and the Network Dwelling Distance (NDD) between a vehicle and the Roadside Unit (RSU) in Vehicle-to-RSU (V2R) communication through simulation along the urban Federal Highway, Malaysia. The methodological approach used in this study utilizes several factors, including the RSU's transmission range, vehicular speed, road length and RSU's coordinates. To better understand the communication mechanisms in a VANET environment, the methodological approach starts by examining a simple scenario to detect the regions of NDT and NDD within the RSU coverage that certifies pervasive connectivity in V2R communication. The detection accuracy is verified mathematically and yields a reliable detection of NDT and NDD in V2R communication in VANET environment. Analysis is further undertaken in relating NDT and NDD of a vehicle based on its velocity to revealed that velocity is significant in determining the NDT and NDD and at a certain rate could cause meaningless data delivery from the RSU to the vehicle.