Comparative Study of Four Finite-Element Models for Electromagnetic Simulations of Large-Scale REBCO Coils Using Homogenization Technique

Electromagnetic simulations are critical procedures before constructing REBCO-based high-field magnets. However, the large number of tapes in multiple pancakes makes the calculation challenging. Homogenization technique is effective in simplifying the modeling of large-scale REBCO coils, which has been employed in both
H
and
T-A
models. Among them, the
T-A
model employing homogeneous and multi-scale methods simultaneously presents higher efficiency compared to the models where the homogenization is used only. Considering of the wide usage of
H
formulation in the community, we develop the
H
simultaneous multi-scale homogeneous (SMSH) model for the first time. Thus, four finite-element models using the homogenization technique are introduced and compared in the paper. The simulations show that all the models obtain consistent results of a REBCO-based coil, while the calculation time varies greatly. Although the proposed
H
SMSH model is more time-consuming than the two
T-A
models, it is significantly time-saving than the
H
homogeneous model. Therefore, the new model enhances the capacity of
H
formulation in solving large-scale coils. The comparative study provides references for researchers to select appropriate models for simulating large-scale REBCO magnets, especially for those who prefer building multi-physics coupling models based on
H
formulation.