Comparison of MPPT Techniques Using Metaheuristic Algorithms

The power and output voltage (P-V) curve of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system is shown as one peak under a constant irradiance environment ratio, however, the curve often shows multi-peak nonlinear properties that are not useful under partial shade conditions (PSCs) caused by partial clouds, flocks of birds, dirt, etc. Then, the traditional methods of controlling and tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) and tracking of the maximum power point (MPP) obviously fail because they follow the first maximum point (local point), whether it is a peak or another. In this paper, the main MPPT technologies for PV systems are reviewed, divided into four types according to optimization principles, and the performance of MPPT technologies for PV systems under PSCs is compared. Finally, the PSO algorithm is considered the best among these algorithms for its speed of response, as it reached the state of stability and the maximum power point at the time 0.2 seconds and its high accuracy compared to the other types resulting from the low oscillation of 2.2 volts peak to peak and the least number of iterations to reach the maximum power point, ease of implementation and high flexibility in changing its parameters.