Anti-drone systems: Current intelligent countermeasures from low to high risks

With the rise of the accidents and incidents caused by the uncontrollable use of drones, it has become important to regulate the anarchic activities of drones. To this end, intelligent anti-drone systems with appropriate countermeasures are developed to enhance aerial safety and security in specific areas. Once the drone is identified as a rogue target, the anti-drone tracks it in real-time before intercepting the target and countering its malevolent or unwanted activity using a specific countermeasure. Indeed, the deployed countermeasures range from low to high risk depending on the wanted degree of neutralization and the type of the environment. In this paper, we present an exhaustive overview of the drone vulnerabilities that are prone to be leveraged for potential attacks as well as the relevant countermeasures used to eliminate rogue drones and mitigate their malicious activities.