Techno-Economic-Environmental Analysis for Net-Zero Sustainable Residential Buildings

Carbon emissions are becoming a global concern responsible for climate change. The renewable energy sources (RESs) such as wind, solar, biomass are gaining importance to reduce emissions in the energy sector. However, these sources depend highly on various technical, economical, and environmental conditions and hence, a planned strategy is required to place different RESs based on their suitability. This paper presents a detailed analysis on energy purchased/sold, costs associated with installing new RESs and the operational costs of existing electricity sources to reduce the total carbon emissions in the UK’s residential sector. Further, the case-study presented in this paper could be used by the builders to design the new residential buildings with low dependency on the grid, hence, aligning with the goal of net-zero emissions. Moreover, it would spread awareness among the energy users that renewable energy can generate revenue for individual households by simultaneously contributing towards saving the environment.