Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of Alternative Options for Decentralized Heat and Electricity Supply of Residential Buildings

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of various options for decentralized heat and electricity supply of residential buildings. Using computer simulation modelling, the monthly and annual heat and electricity demands were estimated, allowing for the specific energy performance of the enclosing structure elements and the heat and electricity systems of the buildings. A gas boiler heat supply system and electricity supply from the power grid was considered as a base option. The technical and economic indicators of five alternative options for energy supply were evaluated, including various heat generation elements (heat pump and thermal solar collectors), electrical energy supply from the power grid or by a photovoltaic system, as well as a micro CHP system. A multivariate regression analysis was carried out to obtain mathematical models for predicting the payback period of the additional investment costs for the alternative options depending on investment range and cost of energy sources.