Enhanced Dynamic Performance with MPC Controlled SMES-based Virtual Inertia Control

Renewable energy sources (RES) are gaining increasing importance due to the limited availability of fossil fuels. RES are interfaced to the grid through power electronic converters (PEC). As RES penetration grows, the power system’s inertia decreases due to the absence of rotating mass. This necessitates using advanced technologies to achieve and maintain frequency stability in power systems. This study proposes Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) based Virtual Inertia Control (VIC) in conjunction with a Model Predictive Control (MPC) controller. Leveraging the benefits of SMES technology, the VIC system proves to be highly effective in stabilizing system frequency. A comprehensive mathematical model is developed to facilitate the implementation of the proposed control scheme in the simulation platform. The results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme outperforms others in reducing the frequency deviation of a power system heavily integrated with RES. Moreover, the control scheme proves its stability and effectiveness when subjected to load demand and RES perturbation. The proposed approach continually minimizes frequency deviations during disturbances by combining the SMES-based VIC with the MPC controller, ensuring a stable and resilient power system. This study highlights the potential of SMES technology and advanced control techniques to address the challenges associated with increasing RES integration, paving the way for a more sustainable and efficient power grid.