Application of Improved Rapid Spot Center Detection Algorithm in Spot Alignment

In order to achieve rapid laser spot alignment for laser communication, this paper proposes a laser spot center algorithm that combines coarse positioning and fine aiming, based on the concept of segmented control. The algorithm optimizes the image filtering process by analyzing the actual characteristics of the laser spot, considering the requirements of fast scanning speed and aiming accuracy. Adaptive median filtering and adaptive threshold segmentation are utilized to obtain a laser spot image with a uniform brightness distribution. The algorithm is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated to perform scanning and aiming tasks effectively under ideal conditions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm improves scanning speed by approximately 38.5% and aiming accuracy by about 28.6% compared to centroid methods and circle fitting algorithms. This image processing method can be employed to establish laser communication links between terminals.