Digital Battery Passport as an Enabler of Environmental Impact Assessment in Electric Vehicle Applications

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is vital for the European Union's climate goals. Concerns about their environmental impact and complex battery supply chains have emerged. To ensure the long-term viability of EVs, transparent and reliable systems are required to track the battery lifecycle and provide essential data. In light of this, this review delves into the concept of digital battery passports (DBPs) for EVs and their potential in addressing these concerns. It comprehensively examines the current state-of-the-art in EV supply chains, environmental impact assessment, as well as the content and implementation technologies of DBP. By establishing a standardized and accessible information repository, DBPs aim to enhance traceability, sustainability, and accountability across the EV battery ecosystem. This innovative approach not only offers a solution to the challenges posed by EV battery lifecycles but also aligns with the broader sustainability objectives of the European Union.