Wind Influence Modeling on UAV Motion Based on Multi-Level Coupling Analysis

In order to improve the positioning accuracy of automatic landing for fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) under complex sea conditions, a model of wind impact on UAV motion based on multi-level coupling analysis is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a discrete system model of deck wind is established to account for the interference of time-varying wind, waves, and current on ships, and the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) is adopted to estimate the speed of ship in real-time to establish the carrier air wake model. Secondly, the sliding window algorithm and improved grey model are applied to predict the ship pitch amplitude more accurately for the periodic component in the carrier air wake. Finally, a coupling interaction model among wind shear, carrier air wake, and UAV is established to consider the significant impact of low-level wind shear on UAV flight in harsh environments. Compared with traditional wind model establishment methods, the multi-model coupling analysis method proposed in this paper is more accurate and realistic.