A Novel Design Evolution of mmWave W-D Bands Modified Rectangular Patch Antenna with Circular and Rectangular Slots for Future IoT Applications

The research article elaborates microwave access for 5G-6G infrastructure on a novel band design working at the centered frequency of 90GHz in the W band with a peak return loss of -38.068 dB, along with a modified inset-fed rectangular antenna with circular and rectangular shaped slots in the patch and ground plane. Furthermore, it comprises an additional dual band ranging from 100.88 GHz to 150.78 GHz in the D band. The substrate fabricated on the proposed antenna is identified as a 0.254mm thick Rogers RT/ Duroid 5880 (with a 2.2 permittivity) radiating EM energy along with the casting impedance matching technique. In the wideband, observe a second resonant frequency of 113.5 GHz, operating in the EHF (extremely high frequency) band corresponding to a peak return loss of -33.9 db. To achieve the simulation and designing of the proposed antenna, HFSS along with its electromagnetic analysis has been employed. The antenna technology showcases EM wave a holistic design approach and its compact dimensions of 6.2×7.4×0.254mm
³
. To enhance the transmission coefficients of the proposed structure, the rectangular feed line with an impedance of 50Ω is connected to the rectangular patch. The sweep range is recognized from 60 GHz to 160 GHz, i.e., 100 GHz frequency. The total efficiency of the proposed antenna is measured as 87.3 % which is essential for cost savings, reduced energy consumption, and improved environmental sustainability. A peak gain of 6.38 dB is achieved along with the front-to-back ratio of 7 dB. Significantly the spectrum above 90 GHz is foreseen as a catering agent for 6G compact devices. Thus, the research paper aims to analyze the design evolution of the proposed antenna with various parameters like Average gain, Reflection coefficients, and bandwidth and to catalyze the evolution of future network communication scenarios via 6G technology applicable in IoT technologies.